What are the parts of a tower crane called?

Tower cranes are an essential part of modern construction, known for their ability to lift heavy loads to great heights. They are composed of several key components that work together to ensure that the crane operates efficiently and safely. Understanding these parts is crucial for anyone involved in the construction industry, whether you're operating, maintaining, or assembling the crane.

Tower cranes consist of various key parts, including the tower, jib, counterweights¹, hoisting mechanism²s, and the cab. Each part has a specific function to ensure the crane operates correctly.

What are the components of a tower crane?

Tower cranes are made up of several main components that are carefully designed to work together. These parts can be broken down into five main sections: the tower, jib, counterweights, hoisting mechanism, and the cab. Let’s explore these in more detail.

1. The Tower (Mast)

The tower is the tall vertical structure of the crane. It is usually made of steel and provides the crane with height. The tower is the backbone of the tower crane, and the entire structure is built around it. Tower sections are stacked to increase the height of the crane as needed for construction projects.

• Function: Provides height and stability.
• Material: Steel
• Parts: The tower is typically made up of individual sections that can be added or removed as needed.

2. The Jib (Horizontal Arm)

The jib is the horizontal arm of the crane, which extends out from the tower. It’s the part of the crane that holds the load and lifts it. The jib is adjustable in length and can be tilted, making it highly versatile for various lifting tasks. The tip of the jib is where the hook is located, allowing it to pick up and place materials.

• Function: Holds and lifts the load.
• Material: Steel or lightweight alloy.
• Parts: Includes the hoist and the hook, which are attached to the end of the jib.

3. Counterweights

Counterweights are heavy blocks placed at the rear of the crane to balance out the load that is being lifted. They help prevent the crane from tipping over when carrying heavy loads. The amount of counterweight required is calculated based on the weight and position of the load being lifted.

• Function: Balances the crane and prevents tipping.
• Material: Concrete, iron, or steel.
• Parts: Block or series of blocks placed at the rear of the tower.

4. Hoisting Mechanism (Winch)

The hoisting mechanism, often referred to as the winch, is responsible for raising and lowering the load. It’s driven by an electric or diesel motor, which operates a system of pulleys and cables. The hoisting mechanism moves the load vertically and plays a key role in the crane’s lifting capacity.

• Function: Lifts and lowers the load.
• Material: Steel cables and pulleys.
• Parts: Motor, winch drum, and the cable system.

5. The Cab (Operator's Cabin)

The cab is the area where the crane operator sits and controls the crane. It’s located at the top of the crane's tower or sometimes along the jib, depending on the design. The operator uses controls in the cab to move the crane’s parts, lift and lower loads, and maneuver the crane during operation.

• Function: Houses the crane operator and controls.
• Material: Steel frame with glass windows.
• Parts: Steering controls, display screens, and safety features.

What are the names of parts of a crane?

In addition to the major components mentioned above, a tower crane is made up of many smaller parts that support its function. These parts are generally specific to the crane’s structure and ensure smooth operation.

• Slewing Ring³: The part that allows the crane to rotate 360 degrees around its base.
• Hoist Hook⁴: A hook attached to the hoisting mechanism used to lift loads.
• Tie Bars: Steel bars that help stabilize the crane by connecting the tower and the base.
• Rotating Platform: The base of the crane where the tower and jib are mounted, allowing rotation.

Table: Key Parts of a Tower Crane

What is the name of the horizontal part of a tower crane?

The horizontal part of a tower crane is called the jib. It is the part that extends out from the tower to carry and lift loads. The jib’s length can be adjusted to accommodate different lifting tasks, and it can rotate to allow the crane to work in different directions. The jib is equipped with a hoist and hook that help lift materials to various heights.

• Function: Holds and transports loads horizontally.
• Parts: Hoist, hook, and sometimes a trolley for moving the load along the jib.

What is the name of the tower crane section?

The tower crane is made up of several sections that stack on top of each other to increase the crane’s height. These sections are often referred to as tower sections or mast sections. The sections are modular and can be added or removed depending on the height needed for the crane. Each section has a vertical structure and is connected with bolts or pins to ensure stability.

• Function: Provides height and structural support to the crane.
• Parts: Vertical steel sections that are joined together during crane assembly.

Table: Common Parts of a Tower Crane

Conclusion

Understanding the components of a tower crane is essential for anyone working in construction or crane operation. The crane’s parts, including the tower, jib, counterweights, hoisting mechanism, and cab, all serve specific functions that ensure safe and efficient operation. Each component plays a vital role in lifting materials, stabilizing the crane, and controlling the crane's movements. By familiarizing yourself with these components, you can better appreciate the complexity and utility of tower cranes on construction sites.